dsRNA Synthesis To Make Cancer Cells Self-Destruct

Cancer is a disease that currently affects one in four people and kills over seven million people every year. One of the major challenges to curing cancer has been figuring out how to stop its growth. Chemotherapy, which is used as a treatment for many cancers, may not always be effective because it doesn't work on all cells at once. Scientists have now developed an RNA-based method that can target specific types of cancer cells and cause them to self-destruct by activating their natural suicide program (programmed cell death).

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The technique works by introducing dsRNA into the bloodstream; this activates the body's immune system response causing white blood cells called lymphocytes to identify and destroy any cancerous or pre-cancerous cells that match the dsRNA's sequence. A study describing this research has just been published in the journal PNAS and is entitled "Virus-Inspired CRISPR-Cas Systems for Targeted Cancer Therapeutics. This introductory paragraph is from the Abstract at PubMed. "Viruses have evolved diverse strategies to subvert cellular functions to establish a productive infection, most of which can be harnessed for cancer therapy through molecular manipulation.

Viral effector proteins such as the transcriptional activator of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (VSVG) cooperate with host factors to reprogram growth pathways and induce apoptosis in infected cells. CRISPR-based technologies can be harnessed to express viral effector proteins in cancer cells, leading to their destruction." This new RNA-based method of targeting and killing cancer cells is a promising development in the fight against cancer. It has already been shown to be effective in destroying cancer cells in the lab, and it could eventually be used as a treatment for people with cancer.

DsRNA Supplier

The technique works by using Dsrna to activate the body's natural immune response, which causes white blood cells called lymphocytes to identify and destroy any cancerous or pre-cancerous cells that match the dsRNA's sequence. The study describing this research has just been published in the journal PNAS, and it is entitled "Virus-inspired CRISPR systems for targeted cancer therapeutics.

This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health. The lead author, Dr. Wenhui Hu, was an instructor in Cancer Biology at Harvard Medical School when this work was carried out. She is currently an Assistant Professor in Oncological Sciences at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas. Some other authors include Feng Zhang and Eric Lander from the Broad Institute, who was also involved in developing the "Cas9" gene-editing technique, described earlier on this blog (6/30/15). One of the major challenges to curing cancer has been figuring out how to stop its growth.

Chemotherapy, which is used as a treatment for many cancers, may not always be effective because it doesn't work on all cells at once. Scientists have now developed an RNA-based method that can target specific types of cancer cells and cause them to self-destruct by activating their natural suicide program (programmed cell death). The technique works by introducing dsRNA into the bloodstream; this activates the body's immune system response causing white blood cells called lymphocytes to identify and destroy any cancerous or pre-cancerous cells that match the dsRNA's sequence.

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